Serum Vitamin A and E concentrations in dogs with pancreatitis
Autor: Weiß M, Törner K, Grassinger J, Müller E, Aupperle-Lellbach H
Quelle: ECVIM-CA, 19.–21.09.2019 in Mailand, Italien, Congress abstracts, 391.
Abstract:
Acute and chronic pancreatitis in humans results in significantly lower levels of serum Vitamin A and Vitamin E due to antioxidative stress and as part of the inflammatory response. To our knowledge no studies about Vitamin A and E levels in serum of dogs with pancreatitis have been performed so far. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the level of serum vitamin A and E from routine diagnostic left-over samples in dogs with pancreatitis compared to a control group of dogs with other diseases.
40 dogs with pancreatitis were included in this study. These dogs all had serum pancreatic lipase concentrations >600 μg/L and clinical symptoms of pancreatitis like vomiting, abdominal pain or inappetence and had received no medical treatment so far. Additionally, in 3 dogs pancreatitis was diagnosed by histology of pancreatic tissue biopsies. The 45 dogs of the control group had serum pancreatic lipase values <40 μg/l and had clinical symptoms concurrent with other diseases than pancreatitis. Serum Vitamin A and E levels were measured by HPLC from cooled serum within 72 hours of sampling.
Dogs with pancreatitis had significantly higher (P < 0.001) levels of serum Vitamin A (average 1701 μg/L, range: 405-4448 μg/L) than dogs of the control group (average: 978 μg/L, range: 139 μg/L – 1904 μg/L). The study dogs also had significantly higher (P < 0.001) serum Vitamin E levels (average: 36.0 μg/L, range: 15.3-83.7 μg/L) than the control group (average: 20.4 μg/L, range: 1,9-54.6 μg/L).
This study suggests that dogs with pancreatitis have a different metabolism of Vitamin A and E compared to dogs with other diseases and humans with pancreatitis. In the course of pancreatitis, a release of Vitamin A and E into the blood stream due to necrotic processes of tissue may be discussed in this species
Characterization of 22 canine pancreatic carcinomas and review of literature
Autor: Aupperle-Lellbach H, Törner K, Staudacher E, Müller E, Steiger K, Klopfleisch R
Quelle: Journal of comparative pathology 2019. 173: 71–82.
doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.008
Abstract:
Pancreatic carcinomas are rare in dogs and clinical signs are mostly non-specific. The literature on clinically and pathologically characterized canine exocrine pancreatic tumours is limited to 76 cases reported since 1963.
This retrospective study analysed formalin-fixed samples of pancreatic carcinomas from 22 dogs, obtained during elective exploratory surgery (n = 16) or if the dog was humanely destroyed (n = 6). Tumours were diagnosed according to the World Health Organization classification of tumours of the pancreas of domestic animals. In seven cases, blood samples taken during or shortly before surgery were analysed for concentrations of alpha-amylase, 1,2-o-dilauryl-rac-glycero-3-glutaric acid-(6′-methylresorufin) ester lipase (DGGR lipase), C-reactive protein (CRP), alanine aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), canine trypsin-like immunoreactivity (cTLI) and canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI). Neutrophil and lymphocyte numbers were determined as part of a complete blood count.
Clinical signs were non-specific and included vomiting, inappetence and diarrhoea. Acinar carcinomas were most common (19/22) and observed growth patterns included: solid (n = 14), acinar (n = 5), clear cell (n = 3), mucinous (n = 2), trabecular (n = 1) or rosette-like (n = 1), occurring as a single pattern or in combination. Ductal carcinomas were identified in three cases. Pancreatitis was a common additional histological finding; five dogs had mild and nine dogs had severe pancreatitis. cPLI, DGGR lipase, cTLI and CRP were elevated in 5/5 acinar carcinomas. All liver enzymes were elevated in three of these five animals and ALP was increased in 4/5 dogs. Two dogs with ductal pancreatic carcinomas showed normal cPLI concentrations. One had increased CRP, liver enzymes and leucocytosis with neutrophilia, the other had elevated DGGR lipase and cTLI concentrations.
Clinical findings in canine pancreatic carcinomas were non-specific and simultaneous inflammation can mask the detection of the underlying neoplasm in clinical examination and laboratory testing.
Retrospective evaluation of vector-borne infections in dogs imported from the Mediterranean region and southeastern Europe(2007–2015)
Ingo Schäfer, Maria Volkmann, Pamela Beelitz, Roswitha Merle, Elisabeth Müller and Barbara Kohn
Parasit Vectors. 2019 Jan 11;12(1)
parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-018-3284-8
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus type 2 in hares in England
Diana J. Bell, Jonathan P. Davis, Matthew Gardner, Alex M. Barlow, Mara Rocchi, Michaela Gentil, Rand J. Wilson
The Veterinary record 184(4)
DOI: 10.1136/vr.l337
search.proquest.com/openview/76c618af1915fc92a26def5ec7ad14f4/1
Season and sex specific thyroid hormone levels in different European tortoise species (Testudo spp.)
Leineweber C, Öfner S, Mathes K, Marschang RE, Stöhr AC.
Proceedings Zoo Wildl Health Conf, Kolården, Sweden. 12.-15
Reptile infectious diseases with a focus on Europe
Marschang RE.
Proceedings Zoo Wildl Health Conf, Kolården, Sweden. 12.-15
Antiviral Therapy
Marschang RE.
Mader’s Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery
www.elsevier.com/books/maders-reptile-and-amphibian-medicine-and-surgery/divers/978-0-323-48253-0
Virology. In: Divers SJ, Stahl SJ (eds.)
Marschang RE.
Mader’s Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery
www.elsevier.com/books/maders-reptile-and-amphibian-medicine-and-surgery/divers/978-0-323-48253-0
Infectious diseases. In: Girling SJ, Raiti P (eds.)
Marschang RE, Chitty J.
BSAVA Manual of Reptiles, 3rd Edition. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, Gloucester, UK.
Reptarenaviruses in apparently healthy snakes in an Australian zoological collection
Hyndman TH, Marschang RE, Bruce M, Clark P, Vitali SD.
Austr Vet J. 97(4): Wildlife & Zoos p.93-102
doi:10.1111/avj.12792
Correlation of BRAF Variant V595E, Breed, Histological Grade and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Canine Transitional Cell Carcinomas
Julia M. Grassinger, Sophie Merz, Heike Aupperle-Lellbach, Hanna Erhard and Robert Klopfleisch
Vet. Sci. 2019, 6(1),
doi.org/10.3390/vetsci6010031
www.mdpi.com/journal/vetsci/special_issues/comparative_oncology
CMAH genotyping survey for blood types A, B and C(AB) in purpose-bredcats
(A. Kehl, E. Mueller and U.Giger)
ANIMAL GENETICS, First published: 10 March 2019
doi.org/10.1111/age.12778
MRI in a dog with confirmed pseudorabies infection
Engelhardt S, Schneider S, Buder A, Aupperle-Lellbach H, Pfeil I.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2019 Aug;47(4):272-281. p.272-281
AKNA Frameshift Variant in Three Dogs with Recurrent Inflammatory Pulmonary Disease
Genes (Basel). 2019 Jul 26;10(8). pii: E567
doi: 10.3390/genes10080567
Expression of Myoepithelial Markers in Mammary Carcinomas of 119 Pet Rabbits
Degner S, Schoon HA, Degner S, Baudis M, Schandelmaier C, Aupperle-Lellbach H, Schöniger S.
Animals (Basel). 2019 Sep 28;9(10). pii: E740.
doi: 10.3390/ani9100740.
www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/html/10.1055/a-0987-8212
Three genetically distinct ferlaviruses have varying effects on infected corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus)
Pees M, Schmidt V, Papp T, Gellért Á, Abbas M, Starck JM, Neul A, Marschang RE.
PLoS One. 2019 Jun 4;14(6):e0217164.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217164
Primary Solid and Cystic Tumours of the Exocrine Pancreas in Cats
Törner K, Aupperle-Lellbach H, Staudacher A, Staudacher M, Steiger K.
J Comp Pathol. 2019 May;
doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.04.002
www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021997518305346
IDENTIFICATION OF HELODERMATID ADENOVIRUS 2 IN A CAPTIVE CENTRAL BEARDED DRAGON (POGONA VITTICEPS), WILD GILA MONSTERS (HELODERMA SUSPECTUM), AND A DEATH ADDER (ACANTHOPHIS ANTARCTICUS)
Benge SL, Hyndman TH, Funk RS, Marschang RE, Schneider R, Childress AL, Wellehan JFX Jr.
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2019 Mar 1;50(1) p.238-242
doi: 10.1638/2017-0016
Reptarenaviruses in apparently healthy snakes in an Australian zoological collection
Aust Vet J. 2019 Apr;97(4):93-102
doi: 10.1111/avj.12792
Changes in anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations in bitches throughout the oestrous cycle
Walter B, Feulner H, Otzdorff C, Klein R, Reese S, Meyer-Lindenberg A.
Theriogenology. 2019 Mar 15;127
doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.01.007
www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0093691X18308203
Cytokeratin expression profiles of canine epithelial tissues
Rickmeyer T, Jäger K, Schöniger S, Schoon HA.
Histol Histopathol. 2019 Jun;34(6):
doi: 10.14670/HH-18-070
europepmc.org/abstract/med/30499583
Canine tissue-associated CD4+CD8α+ double-positive T cells are an activated T cell subpopulation with heterogeneous functional potential
Friederike V. Rabiger, Doris Bismarck, Martina Protschka,Gabriele Köhler, Peter F. Moore, Mathias Büttner, Heiner von Buttlar, Gottfried Alber, Maria Eschke
PLoS ONE 14(3): e0213597
journals.plos.org/plosone/article
Detection of nidoviruses, Mycoplasma, and Chlamydia in pythons
Marschang RE, Racz K, Müller E, Kolesnik E. 2019
Proceedings Exoticscon, St. Louis, Missouri. 29. September- 3. October. p. 664
Prevalence of herpesviruses in chelonians in veterinary practice in Europe
Marschang RE, Kolesnik E, Müller E. 2019
Proceedings Exoticscon, St. Louis, Missouri. 29. September- 3. October. p. 556
Composition of ferret uroliths in North America and Europe: 1055 cases (2010-2018)
Hanah E, Di Girolamo N, Marschang R, Brandão J, Moore A, Desprez I, Lulich J. 2019
Proceedings Exoticscon, St. Louis, Missouri. 29. September- 3. October. p. 403.
Prevalence of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Bacteria in Fecal Samples from Dogs Showing Signs of Gastrointestinal Disorders and a Clinically Healthy Control Group
(Ronnie Gueta, Hader C, Mueller AS, Heusinger T, and Mueller E)
JSMC Microbiology, Short Communication, p.5 https://www.jsmcentral.org/Microbiology/
Abstract
Infections with enteropathogenic bacteria are a common cause for gastrointestinal symptoms in dogs. However, screening for Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains such as EHEC, EPEC and ETEC is seldom part of the veterinary approach to establishing differential diagnoses. Consequently, little is known, especially in Germany, about the prevalence of diarrheagenic E.coli strains and their role in gastrointestinal diseases in dogs. This paper will contrast the frequency of virulence markers from E.Coli pathotypes demonstrated in dogs with gastrointestinal symptoms as well as a control group without clinical findings. Fecal samples from 410 dogs in Germany were cultured, of which 368 were obtained from symptomatic dogs and 42 samples served as control. E.coli isolates were subsequently analyzed for the presence of virulence factor encoding genes specific to diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes by PCR (stx1, stx2, sta and eae). Eae genes were detected in 17.1% of samples from symptomatic dogs and 26.2% of control group samples, respectively. Sta genes were detected in 2.4% of samples from symptomatic dogs and 9.2% of samples in the control group, respectively. The Shiga toxinen coding genes stx1 and stx2 could only be detected in E. coli cultures from dogs with gastrointestinal symptoms. These results suggest that while infections with diarrheagenic strains of E.coli can be associated with gastro intestinal illness, these strains may be present in absence of a clinical manifestation. Considering the possibility of a zoonotic potential of Diarrheagenic E. coli strains, a differentiation between non-pathogenic and virulent strains may yield valuable additional information for diagnostic and therapeutical purposes.
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus type 2 in hares in England
Diana J. Bell, Jonathan P. Davis, Matthew Gardner, Alex M. Barlow, Mara Rocchi, Michaela Gentil, Rand J. Wilson
The Veterinary record 184(4):127.2-128
DOI: 10.1136/vr.l337
Comparison of three different PCR protocols for the detection of ferlaviruses
BMC Veterinary Researchvolume 15, Article number: 281 (2019) p.1-8
(Ekaterina Kolesnik, Timothy H. Hyndman, Elisabeth Müller, Michael Pees & Rachel E. Marschang)
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2028-0
https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-019-2028-0
Abstract
Background
Ferlaviruses are important pathogens in snakes often associated with respiratory and neurological disease. The detection of ferlaviral RNA by PCR is considered to be the most reliable method for the diagnosis of infection. The PCRs that have been used most commonly for this purpose have not been properly assessed to determine their sensitivity, specificity and ability to detect the known genetic diversity of this group of viruses. The aim of this study was to compare three published PCR protocols so that a single method could be recommended to laboratories that perform this testing.
Results
Comparisons were carried out using cell culture isolates and tissues from snakes infected with specific virus genotypes. A single round PCR targeting a short segment of the viral polymerase (L) gene provided the highest sensitivity and specificity, and detected isolated ferlaviruses from all four described genogroups, as well as from tissues of infected snakes.
Three genetically distinct ferlaviruses have varying effects on infected corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus)
Pees M, Schmidt V, Papp T, Gellért À, Starck JM, Neul A, Marschang RE. 2019.
1 Department for Birds and Reptiles, University Teaching Hospital, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,
2 Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, the Hungarian Academy of
Sciences, Budapest, Hungary,
3 Institute for Environmental and Animal Hygiene, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
4 Department of Biology II LMU München–Biocenter, Munich, Germany,
5 Laboklin, Bad Kissingen, Germany
Abstract
Ferlaviruses are important pathogens in snakes and other reptiles. They cause respiratory and neurological disease in infected animals and can cause severe disease outbreaks. Isolates from this genus can be divided into four genogroups–A, B, and C, as well as a more distantly related sister group, “tortoise”. Sequences from large portions (5.3 kb) of the genomes of a variety of ferlavirus isolates from genogroups A, B, and C, including the genes coding the surface glycoproteins F and HN as well as the L protein were determined and compared. In silico analyses of the glycoproteins of genogroup A, B, and C isolates were carried out. Three isolates representing these three genogroups were used in transmission studies with corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus), and clinical signs, gross and histopathology, electronmicroscopic changes in the lungs, and isolation of bacteria from the lungs were evaluated. Analysis of the sequences supported the previous categorization of ferlaviruses into four genogroups, and criteria for definition of ferlavirus genogroups and species were established based on sequence identities (80% resp. 90%). Analysis of the ferlavirus glycoprotein models showed parallels to corresponding regions of other paramyxoviruses. The transmission studies showed clear differences in the pathogenicities of the three virus isolates used. The genogroup B isolate was the most and the group A virus the least pathogenic. Reasons for these differences were not clear based on the differences in the putative structures of their respective glycoproteins, although e.g. residue and consequential structure variation of an extended cleavage site or changes in electrostatic charges at enzyme binding sites could play a role. The presence of bacteria in the lungs of the infected animals also clearly corresponded to increased pathogenicity. This study contributes to knowledge about the structure and phylogeny of ferlaviruses and lucidly demonstrates differences in pathogenicity between strains of different genogroups.
Detection and Characterization of Invertebrate Iridoviruses Found in Reptiles and Prey Insects in Europe over the Past Two Decades
Papp T, Marschang RE. 2019.
1 Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungaria krt 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
2 Cell Culture Lab, Microbiology Department, Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany
* Correspondence: rachel.marschang@gmail.com
Abstract
Invertebrate iridoviruses (IIVs), while mostly described in a wide range of invertebrate
hosts, have also been repeatedly detected in diagnostic samples from poikilothermic vertebrates
including reptiles and amphibians. Since iridoviruses from invertebrate and vertebrate hosts di er
strongly from one another based not only on host range but also on molecular characteristics,
a series of molecular studies and bioassays were performed to characterize and compare IIVs from
various hosts and evaluate their ability to infect a vertebrate host. Eight IIV isolates from reptilian
and orthopteran hosts collected over a period of six years were partially sequenced. Comparison of
eight genome portions (total over 14 kbp) showed that these were all very similar to one another
and to an earlier described cricket IIV isolate, thus they were given the collective name lizard–cricket
IV (Liz–CrIV). One isolate from a chameleon was also subjected to Illumina sequencing and almost
the entire genomic sequence was obtained. Comparison of this longer genome sequence showed
several di erences to the most closely related IIV, Invertebrate iridovirus 6 (IIV6), the type species of
the genus Iridovirus, including several deletions and possible recombination sites, as well as insertions
of genes of non-iridoviral origin. Three isolates from vertebrate and invertebrate hosts were also
used for comparative studies on pathogenicity in crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) at 20 and 30 C.
Finally, the chameleon isolate used for the genome sequencing studies was also used in a transmission
study with bearded dragons. The transmission studies showed large variability in virus replication
and pathogenicity of the three tested viruses in crickets at the two temperatures. In the infection
study with bearded dragons, lizards inoculated with a Liz–CrIV did not become ill, but the virus
was detected in numerous tissues by qPCR and was also isolated in cell culture from several tissues.
Highest viral loads were measured in the gastro-intestinal organs and in the skin. These studies
demonstrate that Liz–CrIV circulates in the pet trade in Europe. This virus is capable of infecting
both invertebrates and poikilothermic vertebrates, although its involvement in disease in the latter
has not been proven.
IDENTIFICATION OF HELODERMATID ADENOVIRUS 2 IN A CAPTIVE CENTRAL BEARDED DRAGON (POGONA VITTICEPS), WILD GILA MONSTERS (HELODERMA SUSPECTUM), AND A DEATH ADDER (ACANTHOPHIS ANTARCTICUS)
Authors: Shemi L. Benge, Timothy H. Hyndman, Richard S. Funk, Rachel
E. Marschang, Renata Schneider, et. al.
Source: Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 50(1) : 238-242
Published By: American Association of Zoo Veterinarians
URL: doi.org/10.1638/2017-0016
Abstract
Adenoviruses are medium-sized DNA viruses with very high host fidelity. The phylogenetic relationships of the adenoviruses strongly resemble that of their hosts, consistent with evolutionary codivergence. The genus Atadenovirus appears to have evolved in squamate hosts. Perhaps the best known of the squamate adenoviruses is Agamid adenovirus 1 (AgAdV1), found most commonly in central bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps), where it is a prevalent cause of hepatitis/enteritis, especially in young animals. All previous reports of adenoviruses in bearded dragons were AgAdV1. Helodermatid adenovirus 2 (HeAdV2) was first seen in Mexican beaded lizards (Heloderma horridus). Subsequently, partial adenoviral polymerase gene sequence from a western bearded dragon (Pogona minor) in Australia was found to share 99% nucleotide homology with HeAdV2. This article reports the discovery of a virus identical to HeAdV2 in a captive central bearded dragon in Florida and wild Gila monsters (Heloderma suspectum) in Arizona. Additionally, a partial adenoviral polymerase gene sharing 98% homology with this HeAdV2 was discovered in a death adder (Acanthophis antarcticus) in Australia. These findings call into question the provenance of HeAdV2. Further studies of atadenoviral host range, diversity of adenoviruses in captive animals, and characterization of adenoviruses from wild squamates are indicated.
Retrospective evaluation of vector-borne infections in dogs imported from the Mediterranean region and southeastern Europe(2007–2015)
Ingo Schäfer, Maria Volkmann, Pamela Beelitz, Roswitha Merle, Elisabeth Müller and Barbara Kohn
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3284-8
Parasites & Vectors 2019; 12:30
Abstract
Canine vector-borne infections have gained importance in Germany due to growing tourist traffic and an increased import of dogs from abroad. Endemic regions for pathogens such as Leishmania infantum, Hepatozoon canis, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys and Dirofilaria spp. are the Mediterranean area and southeastern Europe. Babesia species and Anaplasma phagocytophilum are present all over Europe. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of vector-borne infections in dogs imported from defined endemic countries in the Mediterranean area and southeastern Europe.
Correlation of BRAF Variant V595E, Breed, Histological Grade and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Canine Transitional Cell Carcinomas
by Julia M. Grassinger,Sophie Merz,Heike Aupperle-Lellbach,Hanna Erhard and Robert Klopfleisch
Vet. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 31; Published: 19 March 2019
www.mdpi.com/journal/vetsci/special_issues/comparative_oncology
Abstract
The presence of BRAF variant V595E, as well as an increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in canine transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) are well-described in the literature. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between breed (terrier versus non-terrier dogs), histological grade, COX-2 expression, and BRAF mutation in canine TCC. Therefore, transmural TCC biopsies from 65 dogs (15 terriers, 50 non-terriers) were graded histologically into low- and high-grade. Immunohistochemical evaluation of the intensity of COX-2 expression was performed using an immunoreactive score (IRS). Exon 15 of chromosome 16 was examined for the BRAF variant c.1799T>A by TaqMan® SNP assay. TCC was low-grade in 20 cases (one terrier, 19 non-terriers) and high-grade in 45 cases (14 terriers, 31 non-terriers). Contrary to humans, histological grade was not significantly correlated to the intensity of COX-2 expression. BRAF mutation was detected in 11/15 (73%) TCC of terriers and in 18/50 (36%) TCC of non-terriers. Histological grade and BRAF mutation were not correlated significantly (p = 0.2912). Terriers had a considerably higher prevalence of high-grade tumors (p < 0.0001), as well as of BRAF mutation (p ≤ 0.05) compared to non-terriers. In non-terriers, neoplasms with BRAF mutation showed a significantly higher intensity of COX-2 expression than those without BRAF mutation (p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, in contrast to humans, testing for BRAF mutation in canine TCC is a sensitive diagnostic method especially in terriers (73%) and may be recommended as a screening test. However, evidence of BRAF mutation in canine TCC is not a predictor for the histological grade. Moreover, a positive correlation between histological grade and the intensity of COX-2 expression was not found. Further studies are necessary to clarify the clinical and prognostic relevance of the elevated intensity of COX-2 expression of TCC with BRAF mutation detected in non-terriers.
Antiviral therapy
Marschang RE. 2019
Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Pp. 1160-1161
Virology
Marschang RE. 2019
In: Divers SJ, Stahl SJ (eds.). Mader’s Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Pp. 247-269
Infectious diseases
Marschang RE, Chitty J. 2019
In: Girling SJ, Raiti P (eds.). BSAVA Manual of Reptiles, 3rd Edition. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, Gloucester, UK. Pp. 423-442
Reptarenaviruses in apparently healthy snakes in an Australian zoological collection
Hyndman TH, Marschang RE, Bruce M, Clark P, Vitali SD. 2019
Austr Vet J. 97(4): 93-102.
CMAH genotyping survey for blood types A, B and C (AB) in purpose-bredcats
ANIMAL GENETICS, First published: 10 March 2019
A. Kehl, E. Mueller and U.Giger
doi:10.1111/age.12778
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/age.12778?af=R&
Summary
In domestic cats, the AB blood group system consists of the three types A, B and C (also called AB). Mismatches can cause acute hemolytic transfusion reactions and hemolysis of the newborn (neonatal isoerythrolysis, NI). As blood types B and C are inherited recessively to A, breeders need to know the genotype to predict blood types in offspring and avoid NI. Several CMAH variants have been described as being associated with the b and ac alleles, and different genotyping schemes exist. Here, we genotyped 2145 cats with the original SNV panel, including SNVs c.142G>A and ∆‐53, and our new scheme, with SNVs c.179G>T, c.268T>A and c.1322delT, to differentiate types A and B and added the SNV for the common ac (c.364C>T). Based upon the new scheme, all samples were assigned the correct genotype. No discordances appeared for the A allele, and new breed‐specific SNVs (c.179G>T, c.1322delT) for the b allele were discovered. Furthermore, the genotypes A/ac (type A), ac/ac (C) and ac/b (C) could be detected. We found the variant c.179G>T in additional breeds: Ragdoll, Siberian, Scottish Fold, Chartreux, Neva Masquerade, British Shorthair and Highlander. Also, the variant c.364C>T was detected in additional breeds: Bengal, British Shorthair, Maine Coon, and Scottish Fold. We conclude that our new SNV panel is superior in genotyping cats than the original SNV panel and assures correct assignments of types A, B and C to assist veterinary clinicians and breeders to recognize, confirm and avoid blood incompatibilities such as acute hemolytic transfusion reactions and NI.
